Impedance in electrical engineering is a measure of the opposition that a circuit presents to the flow of electrical current. It is a complex number, which contains both resistance and reactance. Resistance is the opposition to current flow caused by the collisions of electrons with fixed atoms in the circuit, whereas reactance is the opposition to current flow caused by the changing magnetic fields in the circuit. Impedance is measured in ohms and is represented by the symbol Z. It is similar to resistance, but also takes into account the effects of capacitance and inductance in the circuit.
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